Attitude Toward Power Essay

Both Ulysses and Macbeth were able to gain power of kingship, but the way they gained the powers are different. In this essay I am going to compare how they regard power, both differently and similarly. I intend to use Heinemann, (1994), version of Macbeth by Shakespeare and the class handout of Ulysses. The main focus of Macbeth will be from Act1 Scene 7, lines 1-28 and Act 2 Scene 1, line 33-61, whilst I will also take account of other related part throughout the play. Since Lord Tennyson and William Shakespeare are from different era in the history, their perspective of the world will be different, therefore I will also mention about Shakespeare’s and Lord Tennyson’s different perspective towards power and language they used. Most great writers reflect their attitude to life on their work, so it is important to consider the social and historical background of the Jacobeans- the time when Shakespeare wrote the play, and the Victorian time, when Lord Tennyson was alive. In Victorian times, Britain was a powerful country. There were unlimited opportunities for mainly the upper class people to broaden their knowledge by going to new places and experience the foreign cultures. When Lord Tennyson wrote this poem, he was grieving over his best friend’s death. By writing this poem he was able to express his emotional feeling as well as to persuade him to let it go. He also had the opportunities to tell people that it is â€Å"never too late to seek a newer world†. For examples, Ulysses’ new world would be the after life world and Lord Tennyson’s new world would be the world without his best friend. At the end of Macbeth, the moral we get is that never to cross the line of Divine Order. During Jacobean time, they believed that the duty of the King is chosen by God: They believed that every living organism has an order and it is decided by God, this is call the Divine Order. If one decides to go against the Divine Order, like killing the King to be the monarchy himself then, he had done something that is very morbid during the Jacobeans: going against God. Shakespeare tried show that by the cost of Macbeth have to face after he had murdered the King, one example is that he lost his respects from his courtiers and at the end he was all by himself. Jacobeans were also very superstitious; they believed that witches are evil because they worship demon, so if there was a plague or a natural disaster, they blamed on the witches: they are first put to trials and then was executed, mainly hanged or burned. Because Shakespeare made Macbeth associate with the witches by talking and worse of all trusting them, that made Macbeth evil. Shakespeare did this to please his King, King James, as he was against the supernatural and was able help King James to spread the evilness of the witches through his play. The poem, â€Å"Ulysses† started by a slow rhythm. Lord Tennyson managed this by using the words with long vowels such as, â€Å"hoard, and sleep, and feed†. These words give us the sense of dullness and mundane, which was how Ulysses feels at the beginning. However, as we go further down the poem, the dullness was decrease as he started to talk about his adventurous days.

Swot Analysis for Usaa

Management 303 SWOT Analysis on USAA Savings Bank Section I- Organizational History USAA Savings Bank has been around for a long time believe it or not. In 1922 USAA was originally founded in San Antonio, Texas when 25 Army officers decided to come together and insure each other’s automobiles. William Garrison was USAA’s first elected president. Shortly after that USAA’s first employee was Harold Dunton, who was hired as a general manager. Major Walter Moore purchased the first automobile insurance policy for $114. 4 and became USAA’s first member. Two years later in 1924 USAA printed their first credo. The company motto was â€Å"Service to the Services. † 1928 was the year that USAA started advertising 8,000 active component service members among 38,000 possible. In 1929 things started turning for the worse, as the stock market crashed and the Great Depression followed shortly after. By the end of the 1920’s USAA earned a net profit of $144 ,000 before dividends. From 1930’s on up USAA has been incredibly successful. 931-1940 USAA’s employee population grows even through the Great Depression. Employee numbers sky rocketed and doubled, from 46 to 99. The company’s membership doubles from 15,000 to 30,000, despite the ongoing tough economic times. 1932 the first Annual Report to its members was established and published. A year later USAA exceeds minimum reserve holdings mandated by the Texas Board of Insurance Commissioners and returns $230,000 to members. In 1934 Stuart Gwyn is the first woman to join USAA’s management team. USAA graduated to having 60% of all eligible U.S. military officers become members in 1936 while also being able to end the decade with a net profit of $643,000 before dividends. Section II- Strengths and Weaknesses Some of USAA’s many strengths come in numbers. USAA ranks 62nd in net worth among Fortune 500 companies and 144th for revenue, the company has proven to be a very financially strong organization. Our net worth owned and managed assets, revenue, net income and membership all increased and continues to grow. In addition, member satisfaction and customer service remains consistently high.USAA produced colossal numbers as far as Net worth goes. From 2008 earning $14. 6 billion in net worth to $17. 0 in 2009, $18. 7 in 2010, $20. 0 billion and so far over $21. 3 billion. These numbers only keep getting better. Some of USAA’s highlights as of June 30, 2012 in totals: 9. 1 million in Total members, the company now offers a total of 38 million products, and a total of 23. 7 thousand employees. Classifications go as follows 28th largest bank, 5th largest homeowners insurance, 8th largest credit card provider, and 6th largest auto insurer.USAA’s property and casualty insurance group received high ratings for financial strength from three of the major agencies-A. M. Best, Moody’s and standard & Poor’s. A. M. Best Company gave USAA an A++ (superior, highest of 16 possible ratings). Moody’s Investors Service gave USAA an Aaa (Exceptional, highest of 21 possible ratings). Standard & Poor’s gave USAA an AA+ (Very strong, second highest of 21 possible ratings). Ward’s 50 Placed USAA’s P&C Insurance Group on the Ward’s 50 list, which is a benchmarking group of top-performing insurance companies, for 22 consecutive years. 2012). IDC Financial Publishing Inc. gave USAA 111 consecutive Superior ratings as of 2012’s 1st quarter for USAA Federal Savings Bank. Thomson Reuters Bank Insight (formerly Highline Banking Data Services) rated USAA in the Top 15% of peer group as of 1st quarter 2012. These are all considered strengths for USAA because they are all astonishing milestones for the USAA Federal Savings Bank. It has helped catapult the company to where it is today. Everybody that has USAA loves it bottom line.

Global Strategy High Fashion Fights Recession Essay

1. Using the Five Forces Framework, how would you characterize the competition in the luxury goods industry? 2. Why was discounting looked down upon by industry peers, all of which were differentiated or focus competitors? 3. What would be the likely challenges in emerging markets for luxury goods firms? OVERVIEW Pumping out fancy clothing, handbags, jewelry, perfumes, and watches, the high end of the fashion industry—otherwise known as the luxury goods industry—had a challenging time in the Great Recession. In 2008, banks were falling left and right, unemployment rates sky high, and consumer confidence at an all-time low. In 2009, total luxury goods industry sales fell by 20%. The high-end fashion industry was dominated by the Big Three: LVMH (with more than 50 brands such as Louis Vuitton handbags, Moà «t Hennessy liquor, Christian Dior cosmetics, TAG Heuer watches, and Bulgari jewelry), Gucci Group (with nine brands such as Gucci handbags, Yves Saint Laurent clothing, and Sergio Rossi shoes), and Burberry (famous for raincoats and handbags). Next were a number of more specialized players such as king of menswear Ermenegildo Zegna and queen of womenswear Christian Lacroix. By definition, high fashion means high prices. An informal code of conduct (or norm) permeates the indus try: no discount, no coupons, no price wars please—in theory at least. But during the Great Recession many firms cut prices—but quietly. The only firm that stood rock solid was the industry leader LVMH, which claimed that it never puts its products on sales at a discount. The bloodbath in the Great Recession forced the weaker players such as Christian Lacroix and Escada to file for bankruptcy. But it made stronger players such  as LVMH even more formidable. They benefitted from an established pattern in high fashion: the flight to quality. In other words, when people have less money, they spend it on the best. As the recession became worse, many middle-class customers in economically depressed, developed economies began to hunt for value instead of triviality and showing off. In addition to managing interfirm rivalry, how to manage the fickle and capricious customers was tricky. As the recession became worse, many middle-class customers in economically depressed, developed economies began to hunt for value instead of triviality and showing off. Emerging markets, especially China, offered luxury goods firms the best hope while the rest of the world was bleak. Since 2008, while global sales declined, Chinese consumption (both at home and traveling) had been growing between 20% and 30%. In 2009, China surpassed the United States to become the world’s second-largest market. In 2011, China rocketed ahead of Japan for the first time as the world’s champion consumer of luxury goods—splashing $12.6 billion to command a 28% global market share. 1. Using the Five Forces framework, how would you characterize the competition in the luxury goods industry? Bargaining power of supplier: very low Bargaining power of customer: medium but low in big brands like LVMH Threat of new entrants: low (potential entrants were not dying to enter when incumbents were struggling) Threat of substitutes: very low (strong brand and high quality) Competition among existing firms: very high (need to deal with in order to survive) The high-end fashion industry was dominated by the Big Three: LVMH, Gucci Group, and Burberry. Next were a number of more specialized players such as king of menswear Ermenegildo Zegna and queen of womenswear Christian Lacroix. As these firms were relatively differentiated, the degree of rivalry between firms is unlikely to be very high. As practices like discounting and price wars were frowned upon during pre-recession times, competition was likely to have been understated, and not overt. However, during the Great Recession, when some luxury goods firms began discounting, competition may have increased. In developed countries,  the threat of entry of potential entr y of new competitors was low during the recession, while the threat of entry was high in Eurasian countries like China, where the market for luxury goods expanded. 2. Why was discounting looked down upon by industry peers, all of which were differentiated or focus competitors? High fashion relies on its high process to maintain its image and demand. The informal code of conduct that governs the high fashion industry dictates no discount, no coupons, and no price wars between competitors. Discounting, a strategy that is frequently used in the low-end fashion industry, is generally viewed as dangerous and poisonous in high fashion, not only to the occasional firm that uses it, but also to the image and margin of the whole world of high fashion. During the Great Recession, for instance, many firms cut prices—but did so quietly. At Tiffany jewelry stores, salespeople advised customers about diamond ring price reductions, but otherwise there was no publicity. Gucci and Richemont offloaded their excess inventory to discount websites. The only firm that stood rock solid was the industry leader LVMH, which claimed that it never puts its products on sales at a discount. When the going gets tough, it destroys stock instead. This strategy benefitted LMVH during the recession, when cash-strapped buyers, following a well-established pattern in high fashion, opted to spend money on a few, classic items of high quality, rather than many lower-priced pieces. LMVH’s avoidance of discounts actually gained market share for the company during the recession, and sales grew from $24 billion in 2008 to $29 billion in 2011. 3. What would be the likely challenges in emerging markets for luxury goods firms? Some of the issues that could arise for luxury firms entering emerging markets are issues with costs involved in transporting the luxury items into emerging market countries, restrictive traffic rights, high import taxes and other challenges with regional governments that can complicate logistics. Adopting or investing in a stronger supply and distribution channels would be important. Also, institutional factors, and possible the liability of its foreignness will have to be strongly considered if the firm plans to function smoothly in an emerging market. Emerging markets, especially China, offer luxury goods firms the best hope while the rest of the world recovers from the recession. As many firms want to enter these markets, competition  will probably be high, and the luxury goods companies will have to operate differently from their operations in the developed markets. As cultures and buying patter ns might differ across countries, firms would need to develop a thorough understanding of their customers in order to succeed in emerging markets.

Domestic and international HRM policies and practices Essay

Domestic and international HRM policies and practices - Essay Example historical development of SHRM, originated in succession with the paternalist view point, personnel, human relations, industrial relations & personnel management, HRM, SHRM and was succeeded by IHRM (Ryan, 2005; Hall & Hitch, 1939). However, Dickman goes on to state that "it is necessary to go beyond strategy and structure to focus on processes to begin to understand how sophisticated international HRM may contribute to increased efficiency, responsiveness and innovativeness." (2001: 1) Ryan (2005) states that the HRM mantra achieves five key variables these being: flatter structures, cohesive cultures, strong leadership, productivity through people and customer focus. In practice HRM is largely third position on the managerial agenda (Ryan, 2005:5). In short, HRM is concerned with the management of people, the employer-employee relationship or labour regulation which has existed since the first form of formal organisation (Kamoche, 2001). HRM is also seen as the differentiating factor between successful and unsuccessful organisations, more important than technology or finance in achieving a competitive advantage. This is more so in the service sector throughout the UK (Marchington & Wilkinson, 2005). HRM is predominately undertaken by an organisation to operate its human resources successfully and includes: planning, staffing, performance management training and development, compensation and industrial relations. However, there is much heated debate and scepticism put forward on whether HRM is differentiated from personnel management and industrial relations, as some claim HRM makes apparent the contemporary reality of today's competitive environment (Beardwell et al. 2004). Regardless of the continuing debate, it is generally accepted that the functional... HRM is predominately undertaken by an organization to operate its human resources successfully and includes: planning, staffing, performance management training and development, compensation and industrial relations. However, there is much-heated debate and skepticism put forward on whether HRM is differentiated from personnel management and industrial relations, as some claim HRM makes apparent the contemporary reality of today’s competitive environment (Beardwell et al. 2004). Regardless of the continuing debate, it is generally accepted that the functional responsibility traditionally falls under the HRM umbrella. It also involves the integration of goals throughout the firm, with the employer committed to the value of human labor (Guest, 1987). One must recognize that HRM practices are used in every organization to manage employee issues, but the degree of use varies. Nonetheless, HRM originated as a US based concept with the ‘Michigan model’ being the first o f its kind (Warner & Joynt, 2002).The economic growth of the 1990’s was associated with multinational companies (MNCs) and FDI expansion as 53,000 MNC’s controlled 450,000 subsidiaries, accounting for 25% of world output in developed economies and now the figures have risen extraordinarily. The organization of economic cooperation and development (OECD) concede that FDI has exonerated and achieved record levels of inflow and outflows as capital movement is not restricted (Beardwell et al. 2004).

Screenplay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Screenplay - Essay Example She first call for an drew for help, he says he is on his way, she is freaked out, there is scary voice of child that scare her, she run down the stairs, surprisingly, despite going down several stairs, she finds herself trapped in the fourth floor) Girl 1: hey, am done with my research for the day, I think it’s time I get to my room.(she wakes up her friends who appear to be leaving the study table, she decide to leave with them and opts to wait for Andrew) Girl 2: are you going with us? There is this new joint across the school that we want to go and a have a cup of coffee, maybe later watch a movie, this project has been on my neck for the better part of the day, I think it’s the best time get to do a different activity. girl 2: are you sure you don’t want to join us, Andrew can come straight t to the coffee shop and join us, you don’t have to be hard, staying here alone will be boring (Vivian decline the offer of the two girl, she decides to wait by the room and wait for Andrew, she gives him a call and he assures her that he would be thee in as soon as possible. Vivian: (talking to herself) its dark in here, helloooo, is there anyone here, can you’re hear me? She looks frightened; she calls Andrew and informs him that she is in room CMC waiting for him. The room seems very scary; there is one side at the corner of the room where light penetrates. Through Vivian’s eyes, the audience is sucked into the look of Vivian eyes, she seems to be seeing things that are b out the normal, she tells Andrew that she thinks she sees something in room CMC, out of the window of the CMC and into the open space outside, this is the only place where light is able to penetrate, there are sounds that are heard all over, but she cannot see something solid. All she gets to see is a faint glimpse of objects which are moving form one location to

Early childhood education in relation to children with additional Essay

Early childhood education in relation to children with additional needs - Essay Example The early years in the life of a child are considered to be crucial since they form a foundation of their future. At this stage the child goes through developmental and learning stages. There are children with specialized or additional needs including physical and mental disabilities, children from ethnic minority groups and those from low income families. Early childhood educator should be equipped with the skills to identify such children and treat them accordingly. Childhood settings should on the other hand provide the right facilities and resources to ensure that the children get the appropriate care. The family has a role to play in identification of the children. Identification at early age benefits the child since they start receiving specialized treatment with immediate effect. Changes should be effected to improve the treatment and address their needs early enough. Keywords: Early childhood education, Childhood educators and Childhood settings.The early years (from birth to five years of age) in the life of a child are considered to be very important. At this age, children go through a variety of learning stages each while making great steps and the lessons learnt form an important foundation for experiences in their later life. Children go through developmental and learning processes and parents and childhood educators need to help them develop their mental, emotional, physical and creative skills in fun and enjoyable manner as explained by Ashman and Elkins (2009).

Managerial Financial Resources and Decisions Research Paper

Managerial Financial Resources and Decisions - Research Paper Example Certain debt agreements impose business restrictions. These restrictions may impair the firm's borrowing abilities C) Appropriate sources Though Wal- Mart Stroes Inc. is properly appropriately financed at present financed with as most of its finance has come through equity contributions. It is low geared company as its debt equity ratio is 0.60. That company may not be playing on gearing but the equity holders are in control with the affairs of the company. Further financing can be raised though debts in case the company intend to take advantage of the gearing. However, at present the company is appropriately financed. Question No. 2 a) Cost of different sources of funds; Costs of Public Issue Costs of Public issue depend upon the size of issue and the level of marketing adopted. The important expenses normally incurred for a public issue are as under: Underwriting expense, Brokerage, Fee to the mangers to the issues, Fee to the Registrars to the issue, Printing Expenses, Courier and Postage expenses, Advertising and Publicity Expenses, Listing fee, and Stamp duty. Public offer of debt The mechanisms for a public offer of a debt security are much the same as that of a public offer of equity. But a debt issue cannot be made unless credit rating from a credit rating agency is obtained and disclosed in the offer document. So rating agency's cost is in addition to cost of public issue Obtaining term loan This is perhaps the cheapest source o obtaining long term finance, as generally the dealings between company and the financial institution providing the loan do not invite costs of the type involved in public issues. However, the company has to pay for professional for obtaining feasibility and other reports. b) Importance of... The mechanisms for a public offer of a debt security are much the same as that of a public offer of equity. But a debt issue cannot be made unless credit rating from a credit rating agency is obtained and disclosed in the offer document. So rating agency's cost is in addition to cost of public issue This is perhaps the cheapest source o obtaining long term finance, as generally the dealings between company and the financial institution providing the loan do not invite costs of the type involved in public issues. However, the company has to pay for professional for obtaining feasibility and other reports. Financial planning is part of a larger planning system in the firm. The planning process begins with a statement of the firm's goal or mission, which is usually stated in qualitative terms. From the mission of the firm, the strategy is derived which defines the products or services the firm will produce and markets it will serve. To support the strategy, policies and budgets are developed in various areas such as research and development, production, marketing, personnel, and finance. A financial planning represents a blue print of what a firm purposes to do in future. Financial planning have generally the following elements: 3.

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 12

Research Paper Example At the age of three Chang Emigrated to the United States of America. Before turning to the full time writing career, Lee was the financial analyst of Wall Street. His first and the famous novel Native Speaker appeared in 1995, which won numerous Awards (Nguyen, 2012) The story of the Native Speaker rotates around the character named Henry Park. Park spends all his life to become a Native American, a true America. His Korean inheritance seems to float further and further away as the force of his adopted country continues to evade him. Harsh upbringing of Park back in Korea, has taught Park how to hide his emotions and how to remember everything he learns and the weirdest of all, how to feel an increasing sense of alienation. We can say in other words, that his Korean Heritage had taught him how to become a natural spy. But the only factor that assist him to shine in his profession put a tension to his American and rise in the approach of his coming to conditions with the death of his young son. When he is offered to spy on growing American-Korean politicians, he must find out that that the people are in his surroundings? This was the true test of his identity. He has to figure out the conflicts, which are prevailing within the political and ethnic sectors of New York (Kim, 2005). Henry Park, who is also the narrator, is an American-Korean immigrant. Explorations begin when the Henry’s Caucasian spouse leaves him. The novel Native Speaker is based in New York City. It takes place for the period of a time when black customers and American-Korean councilman boycotted the American market. The councilman was names as John Kwang. John was also a possible candidate for the post of mayor. Henry Park is employed to an investigative company of CIA –style. The Assignment which was offered to Henry by his company was to keep a check on John Kwang. Park does not know the purpose of investigation and who is paying for this investigation? He thinks

Why is technology such an important part of academic life Essay

Why is technology such an important part of academic life - Essay Example Companies and individuals apply technology in the daily life to achieve certain goals and objectives since technology has the capacity to enhance effectiveness, efficiency, improved performance, and ease of doing work. The academic sector is one of the sectors that rely on technology to achieve certain goals. Notably, technology is very significant to the students as it helps them in learning, research, interacting among other functions. It is thus clear that nowadays technology has become a very important thing in our daily and academic life, because it makes it faster and easier, useful for students, and tutors to be successful in the education sector. Body Numerous benefits make technology an important part of academic life in the modern world and thus we cannot ignore the significance of technology in this sector. The internet is part of the technologies that we experience in academic life where it acts as a great source of information. The technological networks help in passing academic information between students across the globe. Indeed, because of the internet and the presence of technological networks, the academic can now adopt online education where students in very remote areas can access high quality education across the internet (Williams 1). Through online learning, students can acquire online degrees and training courses, which enhance the rise of literacy levels and professionalism in the world. Online learning allows for a flexible acquisition of education, as students are free to learn when they want while they engage in other endeavors. Because of the World Wide Web, academic information can now reach a wide range of academicians through the computer networks. Moreover, the use of technology has made teaching and learning interesting and thus enhancing overall academic performance. Technology derives flexibility in the academic sector where students and tutors can retrieve entertaining information from the internet with little effort. Such information is equally easy to understand thus motivating students to perform better. Technology, which encompasses computers, has the capacity to store and present information that makes the learning process much easier and more effective (Williams 1). This may come inform of lecture notes, educational CDs, PDFs, and various literatures, which reside on certain websites making the access and sharing of academic information more efficient. Additionally, technology improves learning and academic success among rural, urban, and students of all backgrounds and abilities thus helping them to meet their academic goals (Jobe 1). Technology helps new and potential teachers to research on their subjects of concern thus leading to highly qualified tutors who enhance overall academic performance. In fact, technology helps teachers to upgrade their knowledge, skills, and credentials in core academic subjects (Jobe 1).Technology is also significant to school administrators as it helps them to c ollect and store relevant academic data, which consequently helps them to make decisions and implement educational policies (Jobe 1). Technology also enhances online research which promotes analytical and problem solving skills as students work individually and collectively to gather information and draw relevant conclusions. It also encourages the development of learning skills, such as interpersonal, writing, thinking, reading and math skills, information and communication skills (Jobe 1). Technology contributes to the decline in the number of school dropouts, improves student attendance, and motivates students to learning since it makes the process of learning very entertaining and less challenging. More so, technology allows students in their higher education to establish a

The End of the Race Essay Example for Free

The End of the Race Essay Thinking about the outcome of mixing races, are Asians and Europeans distinguishable in the distant future? As intermarriage goes intense, there would be many minorities in race. In contrast, majorities’ attitudes toward minorities generate discrimination simultaneously; minorities are more likely to be exposed to prejudice. However, Steve Olson says that each mixed individuals are the key to weaken the barricade between races. Matthijis Kalmijin also supports the point that intermarriage decreases the conflicts between cultural groups and it weaken prejudice and stereotypes against other races. In the past decades, researchers have described patterns of marriage, and examined individual variations in intermarriage. In terms of making selection on partners, it seems race has had much influence on it. In the report written by Matthijis Kalmijin, he says â€Å"People have a tendency to marry within their social group or to marry a person who is close to them in status. Although many characteristics play a role in the choice of a spouse, sociologists have most often examined endogamy and homogamy with respect to race/ethnicity, religion, and socioeconomic status. † According to the research, in a sense that people have tendency to marry a person from the same race or close status, endogamy will still be practiced even if intermarriage go intense. Therefore, Asians and Europeans would be physically distinguishable in the future. Native Hawaiians are one of the good examples of â€Å"minorities† in race. How did they become minorities? On November 26, 1778, an European ship captained by James Cook first arrived at the Hawaiian island of Maui. Never seen Europeans before, yet Polynesians accepted them without hesitation; women from lower classes were willing to exchange their bodies in order to move up in social status. In 1852, 84 years later of his arrival, three hundred Chinese men arrived to work on plantations, and in the next century nearly half a million more workers followed, including China, Japan, Korea, Puerto Rico, Spain, Austria, Germany, Norway, and Russia. This is how so called hapa Haoles came out. What does this history bring in today’s Hawaiian society? According to Olson, Native Hawaiians have the lowest incomes and highest unemployment rates of any ethic group. They have the most health problems and the shortest life expectancy. They are the least likely to go to college and the most likely to be incarcerated. This is caused by a vicious circle; discrepancy in education and employment between native Hawaiians and majorities. Well-off haoles, Chinese, and Japanese send their children to private school, while the public schools are underfunded. Besides, the rapid growth of the tourism industry in Hawaii accelerates the already-worse situation today. Tourism produces mostly low-paying jobs in sale, and construction. Because the education and jobs that you can possibly acquire is closely connected, there has few opportunities for native Hawaiians to move up in career and improve their quality of lives. However, Olson says â€Å"Minority races are likely to be exposed to prejudice, but barriers between groups become more permeable when a substantial number of mixed individuals demonstrate choices are possible. † In other words, you can make a â€Å"choice† to look down minorities or to respect them. This is also supported by the Matthijis Kalmijin’s report saying that â€Å"intermarriage can thus be regarded as an intimate link between social groups† in a sense that marriage is usually an intimate and long-term relationship. Also, firstly, â€Å"intermarriage decreases the salience of cultural distinctions in future generations because the children of mixed marriages are less likely to identify with themselves with a single group†. Secondly, â€Å"by intermarrying, individuals may lose the negative attitudes they have toward other groups. † In other words, intermarriage may eventually weaken prejudice and stereotypes against other races in the way that it makes the very people and the future generations feel more amiable toward their races. Although it depends on how mixed individuals feel and think about their races, they are definitely the key to eliminate prejudice. As an mixed of Japanese and Chinese, I strongly agree to the Olson’s opinion saying that â€Å"the barrier become permeable† if we mixed individuals make choice. Being put in this situation, I sometimes feel ambivalent about my nationality and cannot put myself in either side because I know both societies’ good and bad aspects. The answer I found was to be an international person without fully belonging to one side. As previously mentioned in Kalmijin’s words, I am exactly â€Å"the children of mixed marriages† without identifying themselves with a single social group and I want to be â€Å"an intimate link between social groups†. I think cultures will survive as long as each race respects and practices their distinctive cultures. Mixed races including me tend to forget to learn deeply about one culture. Because mixed races will increase over time in general, however, I regard we are the one who need to keep these things in mind and make effort to understand multiple cultures which we are exposed.

Study of Dialogue between Nurse and Pneumonia Patient

Study of Dialogue between Nurse and Pneumonia Patient My patient Mrs. S.K., is an 81 year old female. She was diagnosed with Pneumonia. Mrs. S.K. had been in the unit for almost three days prior to the dialogue. She reported not being ever diagnosed with any medical condition ever before. During the morning shift I went with my assigned nurse J to the clients Mrs. S.K room. She was lying in her bed awake. While given her medication, Nurse J mentioned to her that I was a nursing student from York University who would be shadowing her. I took this opportunity to introduce myself and asked her if it was okay with her. She nodded with a smile DIALOGUE: 1 Mrs. S.K was sitting in the chair and looking out through the window. Nurse: Nice view (pointing to the window), How are you doing? (I stood right beside her near the window) Mrs. S.K.: I am feeling much better now. Yesterday, even moving from bed to chair was very exhausting for me. I felt breathlessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Much better now. Nurse: Hummm, I listened attentively. When did you first notice any changes in your breathing? Mrs. S.K.: I was in U.S at family function. While I was reading our holy book and was almost on conclusion I found really hard to even recite the hymns. My son asked me to get myself checked, I just ignored. I wanted the ceremony to end smoothly without any interruption. Nurse: I nodded to convey I was listening Mrs. S.K.: The journey from U.S. airport to here (Toronto) was very hard. I was coughing constantly. I felt so much tightness in my chest. Nurse: I know how you would have felt. It is hard to go through all this. How did it feel being in such a situation? Mrs. S.K.: I was so anxious and fearful. I did not even know whether I will be able to catch my next breath (pause). I am grateful to God, my family is really caring. They immediately brought me to the hospital. Nurse: So, you have a really caring family. Mrs. S.K.: Yes,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦now I am a great grandmother (She smiled) Nurse: Wowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. I smiled back. (Someone knocked at the door, it was her relatives. I introduced myself to them).Your relatives are here, I am going to leave you with them for now so that you can spend some time with them. I will check on you later on. Is that okay with you? Mrs. S.K.: Noddedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Yes. Nurse: See you later Mrs. S.K. (With a smile and I left the room) CRITICAL REFLECTION Through this paper I will critically reflect on the dialogue that I had with my patient -Mrs. S.K, who was admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. In this paper, I will identify blocks to communication in the dialogue and will focus on integrating the principles of dialogue with the client-centered care (CCC) core processes. Prior to beginning the dialogue, my only intent was to know Mrs. S.K. better and to listen to her concerns if any so that I could better meet her needs. It hurts not to be listened to (Nichols, 1995).While critically reflecting on the dialogue I realized that actually I was making an effort to be build trusting relationship with her by giving her my undivided attention. Clients often wait to express their needs and concerns until the nurse gives them undivided attention (Messner, 1993). I initiated the discussion with open-ended question. I asked Mrs. S.K., How are you doing? As a result, she had a liberty to choose whatever she wished to reveal. I also attempted to carry the open-ended question throughout the conversation. I wanted Mrs. S.K. to feel that I was really interested to know more about her health issues or other concerns that impact her health. I think I went with the flow during the dialogue with Mrs. S.K. I did not interrupt in between when Mrs. S.K. talked about her concerns with breathing a day before and her visit to U.S. I followed her lead, listened attentively and patiently to her, as this is what she wanted to talk about. According to the human becoming theory, going with the flow is very crucial in order to recognize the ups and downs and the joys in the context of the clients situation (Parse, 1998). Also, keeping the client- centered care in my mind, most of the time I spoke with my client in her mother tongue that is Punjabi. This made her more comfortable and confident to express her true feelings and concerns. Validating was one of the blocks that were evident during the dialogue with the client. Though, I made proper eye contact with Mrs. S.K. and listened to her in a non-judgmental and caring manner, but I felt that if I would have sat at eye level with her during communication she would have felt even more comfortable. When Mrs. S.K. talked how hard her journey from U.S. airport back to Toronto due to illness, I validated her experience by saying I know how you would have felt. It is hard to go through all this. This is in total contrast to the CCC value of honesty. Each individuals meaning of a particular circumstance is totally unique. Therefore no one can really know or experience the same meaning as the other (Beitel, 1998). Also, when she showed her concern about feeling breathless yesterday, I could have asked her Tell me more about it. This would have helped me to seek depth and clarity about her concerns. Other then that I did not act on the need to do something to fix things my client, neither did I gave her false reassurance. As this was my very first experience of having a reflective dialogue with the client, it was a good learning experience for me. I realized the importance of a good dialogue in assessing the needs and concerns of the client. Openness, good eye contact and genuine interest in the client go a long way in building a caring relationship build on trust. In future dialogue, also I would focus on being truly present with the patient. I will ask open ended questions to get in depth insight about clients concerns. This would help me to better understand a situation from clients perspective. I will not validate clients emotions or experience. Instead I will listen to the patient with openness.

Creating An Online Shopping System

Creating An Online Shopping System The online shopping system is fast gaining media for to sale or purchase items from anywhere and anytime. It is basically based on Internet, It is related with B2C (Business to Customer) model and status of the design and development of e-commerce platform. It can not only save the operating costs of enterprises as well as save the time of customer to go shopping at mall and it is increasing the efficiency of business. This document shows the status of Online Shopping System and development background and then introduces or discusses the system design, system objectives, system requirements and overall all phases of development or implementation of system. This system provides good facilities to users with GUI forms to registration, shopping cart management, and information modify etc. for customer. It has also provided some facilities to Admin as add item, update item and etc. It has been designed with B/S three tier structures, JSP technology for dynamic page design and for system security and code reuse the JavaBeans has used. And for better communication between system and easy to access, as well as to store large data of the database has used MSSql Server 2000. In this basically the two user one is Admin who can add item, update item control over the database or the management of customer information and keep security over the information of the customer as well as products. Second is customer who access the site for his requirement, he can register, search or see the products, details of products and comment for product and can do secure transactions over the internet. Chapter 1: Introduction What I am going to do? In the proposed system , as discuss in the abstract we are going to develop the new website Online Shopping System for computer products. In the website I followed the software development methodology called incremental approach nad according to it the system is mainly divided inot the two kinds of users and three kinds of mechanisms in order to make more sutaible for the end users to fulfill their all requirments from one place with quick and in more understandable manner. Here two kinds of users are Admin and End user means customer. In addition to this, three kinds of methods which considered here are NetUI means make available access to the end users for everything from the net which is developed with help of JSP and HTML, second one is the database which used to store large amount of data and easily can retrieve,update etc, and last one is the controls used for the same. Thus here we followed the model based UI desing approach. The important things which we added with this websi te is the latest product with latest configuration customer can choose as per configuration of that product, external devices, security for transcation, customer can send their view or comment and many more. Background In the current world the rapid development of Internet, the Internet has expressly become the best and fast media for collecting information, communication as well as entered into the commerce means selling, purchasing etc. So e-commerce became more popular and more businesses build an online store to show consumers a new shopping concept. Online shopping system as B2B, B2C, C2C ecommerce front-end business platform, the whole process of its business activities plays an important roles. In this site or system, consideration is how to build a B2C Online Shopping System. Online shopping is a kind of interactive features business information which provides users with two types of static and dynamic information resources. The static information are those that change frequently or later that resources, sucha as company profile, management practices and corporate systems etc. Dynamic information is subject to change information, such as commodity quotes, meeting arrangements, and training information. Online shopping system has powerful interactive features to enables businesses and users to easily transfer inoformation to complete e-commerce transactions. This new inter-company transactions to achieve the paperless exchange of documents and funds. Technologies Selection and Justification Following is description of technologies which are used for the website work: 1.3.1 Hardware/Software Requirements Software specifications Category (Software tools) Software Name Operating System Microsoft Windows, Linux Designing Tool MyEclipse 7.1 Front End JSP, HTML Back End MSSql Server 2000 Hardware specifications: Hardware Minimum Requirement Microprocessor Intel 3.1GHz processor or onwards Random Access Memory (RAM) 512 MB RAM. Hard Disk Drive 20GB (min. free useable disk space). 1.3.2 Technology Description 1) JSP: As there are number of acronyms with which the Internet is packed, another one is JSP. Here the JSP is standing for the Java Server Pages, but its commonly known as the JSP. JSP is nothing but the scripting language and very much similar to the ASP, PHP languages. Using the JSP, contents in the website are generated dynamically which allowing the rather than only statically as with the HTML. There are many free hosting available for the JSP websites because of the reason is that JSP is free and open source, simple, robust. There are other web development technologies also available now days such as PHP, ASP.net etc. But we encountered some problems with such technologies which are presented in following justification for the same: JSP over PHP: Both (JSP PHP) is web technologies are strong. For the most of the enterprise level applications JSP is better way to do because of its security, stability, speed of execution etc and more are the advantages of JSP. We encountered the problem with the PHP is that it becomes not more secure as compare JSP. As compared to the PHP, JSP is more rapid tool for the development of websites, once we know it, we can design any kind of pages which seems to us harder with the PHP because PHP is harder and also fewer objects oriented than JSP. Using JSP, we can develop web application quick by maintaining the level of performance, security for the same. JSP over ASP.NET: ASP.NET is come with the Microsoft product in the VS framework which is also one of the better way to designs and develop our websites, but the problem with such technology is that it is available only commercially means not freely as the JSP. As the we are getting same performances from the JSP as from the ASP.net, then its enough to decide to go with the JSP. Apart from this, there some other advantages which of JSP over the ASP.NET we observed such as: Freely Avaliable and Platform independent. Hosting is Cheply available. Web Server for JSP is free. If OS is Linux, no need to pay for the antivirus softwares. Rapid development. 2) MSSql Server 2000: One of the powerful is MSSql. There are many other powerful databases such as Oracle, Mysql etc are available. But while selecting MSSql database, there are two things which were addressed as compared to Oracle as well as MySql as: database which is best suitable with the JSP and another one is database which have fast speed to retrieve, update or communication with data. While with Oracle, MySqlserver there lot of extra efforts needs to be done before setting up the web application, the MSSql database is easy database with the high reliability, fast performance, and easy to use. Project Plan Thus as we used the incremental methodology of the software development, this project is divided into the different phases like requirement analysis phase, designing phase, development phase, deployment phase, testing phase etc. Following chart shows the overview of the proposed project plan with their time durations. Website Development Phases 1) Table for the Effort Estimate Module Duration Outcomes Milestones Existing Website Analysis and comparison with proposed one 4 weeks Software Development Methodology 1 week Planning and Designing 1+2 weeks Flow of System 1 weeks Modules designing their outcomes 2 week Modules design document Development and Deployment 8 weeks Primary system Website Testing 3 weeks Test Reports formal Thesis 1 weeks Complete project report formal 2) Module Description: Module Task Description Module 1 Information analysis Gathering of Information as well as analysis related to the online store or website for computer products. Module 2 Technology methodology After conducting the analysis, selection of the technologies as well as methodologies is done by considering all the consequences. Module 3 Flowchart Designing Module assignment as well as flow control of process according to the methodologies selected. Module 4 Website Implementation All modules code implementation as well as integration of them into one system. Module 5 Testing Overall website working is tested and conducted. Module 6 Thesis Thesis preparation on the basis of current research results. 3) Project plan Date Module Mar/10 April/10 May/10 Jun/10 July/10 Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Module 4 Module 5 Module 6 Quality Plan In this section, some of the quality planes which are considered in order to maintain the quality of the proposed website. The major quality measure which we considered for the website is the proper validation for different things and response time of the proposed website because on the basis of this customers attraction is depends. Following is the brief explanation of these terms: 1) HTML Validation Using this validation we can check the document correctness against the DOCTYPE which is declared. On the basis of this various kinds of reports generated if there are any bugs with it. 2) Validating Links This is one important issue with the websites. Links of the website are checked against the all links given in the website whether they are working according to the specification given. 3) Validating Accessibility This is the most important activity which must be included in every website quality planning. It is not enough only to make the website, because people from different places, with different platforms accessing our website. The initiative of web accessibility is the maintaining the resources list which will help in order to designing the websites which will accessible. 4) Response Time For the websites like proposed one its necessary to check up with the response time of server because with websites several shopping transactions need to be done. Chapter 2: Software Development Methodologies 2.1 Types of Methodologies The mechanism of methodology is mainly composed of the one or more techniques in conjunction with the one of the models of software development. The prototyping techniques, object oriented techniques which are the multiple ways in order to implement the models such as incremental, waterfall and spiral models. During the single project such kinds of mechanisms are matched as well as mixed. Thus the methodology = techniques + models. Following are different kinds of methodologies which are prepared on the basis of combination of techniques as well as models: 1) Waterfall Model (Life Cycle) 2) Prototyping Model (Life Cycle) 3) Iterative Enhancement Model 4) Incremental Model 5) The Spiral Model 6) Object Oriented Methodology In the next section, we will see the details of each of these models in brief [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 2.2) Introduction Methodologies 1) Waterfall Model: This model is called as the waterfall model, because in this model the more emphasizes is on the complete phase development before proceeding with the next phase of the development. With the combination with some kinds phase completions, establishment of the baseline is done which freezes the development products at such point. If the current requirement is identified in order to change these products, then the process of formal change is followed in order make the change. Such kind of phases graphic representation during the software development resembling the waterfall model downward flow. [Ref. http://www.onestoptesting.com/sdlc-models/waterfall-model ] 2) Prototyping Model: Waterfall model is basically designed for addressing the issues with the waterfall model. In this model, the basic idea is that rather than freezing the requirements before coding or designs we can proceed, using the throwaway prototype requirements of the development understands. On the basis of requirements which are currently known. The prototype development is inside contains the coding, designing as well as testing. But each of these phases is not done very formally or thoroughly. Thus using such kind of mechanism, end users can get the systems actual feel, only because of the thing that prototype interactions will allow clients to understand the requirements better way for the desired system. 3) Iterative Enhancement Model: This model is trying to combine the features of models like waterfall as well as prototyping models. The main idea behind such model is that development of the software is done on the basis of incremental approaches, in which each and every increment is adding the some kind of functional capability in the system still the system is fully implemented. During the every step, extensions, designing and modifications are made. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 4) Incremental Model Main idea in this model is that during the overlapping sections waterfall is performed in order to attempt projects of waterfall model compensate which is done by generating the earlier usable functionality. This kind of model may be needed the overall requirements set that are small projects series. With the general objectives, initially using the basic objective, incremental model is started. 5) Spiral Model The model for the incremental is can be considered as the spiral model sometimes. The view of the spiral model is illustrating the one of the strength of the previous model in this section which is: system size grows while the resources can be held on constant. The size of spiral is corresponds to the size of system, on the other hand the distance among the coils indicating the resources. As the name indicating such model has many cycles. The dimension of the radial representing cumulative cost which is incurred while accomplishing the steps that are done so far as well as dimension of angular representing the progress which is made during the completing the every spiral cycle. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 6) Object Oriented Methodology As the name indicating, such methodology requiring using the object oriented techniques which can be used during the requirement analysis, designing and implementation phase of the system. Such kind of methodology asking for the analyst for determining the systems objects, their behavior over the time or their behavior in response to the events, as well as what kind of relations and responsibilities an object has to with the other objects. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 2.3 Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages of Prototyping Model Early functionality. Providing the process in order to perfect the definition of requirments. Providing the risk control. Main focus of the documentation is on the end product rather than the evolution of product. Providing the basic specification which is embodied in the operating replica. Disadvantages of Prototyping Model This method is less applicable for the existing systems as compare to the existing new systems development. Suffering from the dirty documentaion. Bad reputation in between the conservatives because of dirty and quick method. Sometimes using this method system is developed with the poor performance. Advantages of Iterative Method Reliable software production. This may be intrdouced gradually to an organization. Disadvantages of Iterative Method Complete sets of requirements are required. Disciplined style may stifle creativity. Advantages of Object-Oriented: Problem owners can joining in producing the solution. Maintenance costs are less due to the object oriented analysis which encourages the complete set of solution. This kind of model expresses the reality of users view. Disadvantages of Object-Oriented This is difficult for those methods which is having the structured analysis of background. This method may be difficult with the DoD-STD- 2167A. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 2.4 Details: Two Methodologies In the following section, discussion and detailed working of the two models such as incremental model and waterfall model. 1) Waterfall Model: As we discussed the basic working this model in above section, in this section we will take the overview of basic steps of the model in the software development: Following figure shows the different phase in the development of the software. The documentation included the documentation from each phase. The phases below the detailed design phase include software as part of their output. Transition from phase to phase is accomplished by holding a formal review that is attended by the contractor and appropriate government agencies. These reviews provide the government insight into the contractors progress. At critical points on the waterfall model, baselines are established, the last of which is the product baseline. [Figure:1: Waterfall Model] As showing in above figure 1, as the name indicating waterfall model is made up of sequentially of phases one after the next phase. In comparison with the other software development models, following are some of the salient attributes of this model: This is the forma method. This is like top down development approach. This is consisting of phases which are independent and needs to be completed sequentially. This model is used in different ways: Phases are combined, The starting as well as ending points are different. [Ref. http://www.onestoptesting.com/sdlc-models/waterfall-model ] 2) Incremental Method: C:Documents and Settingsgodwit3Desktopincremental-model1.gif As we discussed in the last paragraph, the model of incremental is performing the waterfall in the overlapping sections in order to attempt length compensation for the waterfall model projects by generating the earlier useful functionality. As compared to the waterfall model, a project which uses the incremental model is starting with the general objectives. In this case, some part of such objectives are defined as the requirements as well as are implemented, after that the next part of these objective are considered and implemented, this process is continues until the complete objective is achieved. However as compare to the complete requirements general objectives can be uncomfortable for the management. Well defined interfaces are needed due to the fact that few modules may be completed early compare to others. This model is more flexible for the development of the websites as compare to the softwares. Thus we selected incremental model for the same. [Ref. http://testing-mines.blogspot.com/2006/05/what-is-incremental-model.html] 2.5) Methodology Selection For our proposed application we have to use the method of Incremental approach which is best suitable for such kinds of applications. Because of the following benefits from it: Generates working software quickly and early during the software life cycle. More flexibleless costly to change scope and requirements. Easier to test and debug http://kona.kontera.com/javascript/lib/imgs/grey_loader.gif during a smaller iteration. Each iteration is an easily managed milestone. Due to iteration each phase complete within timeperiod. Chapter 3: Literature Survey 3.1 Overview of Online Shopping System: Online Shopping System is the shopping cart system that enables customers to find and purchase the products and services. The system allows customers to get list of item for purchase by placing items into shopping cart. At the checkout the system will calculate a total of the all item which are added by customer and if any applicable taxes, shipping and handling charges will be added. Mainly three types of shopping cart systems that are used to build better ecommerce stores as, Ordering systems, online storefront builder systems and third is specialized systems. An ordering shopping system is the most basic that makes it possible to select and purchase online and specialized system basically offers for business to business solutions but we are implementing for customer. So we will use the storefront builder for larger store offerings with combines all of the features of an order system with contact management system. Storefront shopping systems normally include a database as storefront and administrative function area. In the database stores customer data, order information, product details etc. A storefront system displays this information while admin want allows a business to manage the shopping store data as insert, update or delete product information. Storefront has a store catalog that is usefully for presented and pleasing for customers. Good admin functionality have to easy for navigation, manages modules, assign options and flexible to manage all t hings which needs for shipping. There many options for hosting shopping cart or website, mainly online ecommerce store will used a licensed or hosted system for shopping cart or website. A licensed hosting system can be installed and downloaded on a web server by associate with onetime fee or charges for hosting. A hosted system never be downloaded but is hosted through a hosting service providers and it requires fee or nominal percentage of sales as per their rules. A good website or shopping cart system enables both the ecommerce store; owner and customer have to participate with each other in this business with honesty. Without this the ecommerce business or online business would not be successive. 3.2 Components of Online Shopping System: Online Shopping processes are comprised of four main components: engage, purchase, fulfill and support, as illustrated in Figure 3.1. C:Documents and SettingsHemantLocal SettingsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordNew Picture.bmp Information required for customer care is derived primarily from customer data warehouse for linking to multiple touch points and marketing knowledge bases. Furthermore, these must be integrated with (1) enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, (2) partner relationship management systems, and (3) supply chain systems. 3.2.1 Engage Component E-Business-sizing the engage component means network enabling the process of enticing the right customers to buy a product or service. Some forms of proactive engagement are having your product or service appear prominently in the results of a popular search engine, or via advertising banners pushed to an idle cell phone display. The Online selling system aspect is not only doing online marketing, sales and service but also supporting these functions in traditional channels (e.g. storefront, reseller) through use of Internet and/or wireless technology. Here we focus on Internet supported enablers for engagement. The discussion applies for businesses from pure dot coms, to physical companies with a web channel (clicks and mortar), to net market makers and breakers. Software companies like Netscape used giving a product away for free as an effective engage instrument. Revenues could be obtained later through another product. In Netscapes case, it is the quarter million dollars plus sui te of XPert e-Commerce tools. In RedHats case, millions were made in escalating share price. Some companies give away teasers, or stripped down products or services. After the customer is engaged, revenue may be obtained from the company Offering billable add-on features. These strategies complement other marketing campaign strategies such as spreads of limited time price reductions, sales, or clearances. Interactive marketing effectively tracks customer movements and pushes suggestions or advertisements out to that customer. Online interactive marketing uses customer profiling, personalization and contextual advertising extensively. When a customer starts looking for product or service information, online or offline, he or she engages in browsing content, searching, comparing, configuring, interacting, questioning, and listening. Online shopping system must support these activities as well as identify needs and solve customers problems. Throughout these stages, advertising is effective to get the customers to look at product. Interacting, configuring, listening and questioning are the ways that a merchant presents personalized views to the customer. This comprises the themes for personalization/trust, marketing and content for points of contact. The themes range from picking and choosing products to pushing specific information to the customer. Personalization in the search context is the process of tailoring information to the specific user. This includes localization of content, contextual presentation of data and iterative learning based on user inputs. Localization of content is the ability to understand the customer requirements at each location and the tailoring of content to suit them. This is made more difficult by the nature of globalization of business. A good example is presentation of prices to a customer. Localized content would be required to present to the customer a true price to them, reflective of all of the pertinent costs, rules and regulations. Locality also dictates how a customer interacts with the presence. Identifying needs and solving customer problems in the context of engage enablers means explaining the product or service to fit the customer needs. Marketing at the engage stage can act as a conduit for new product or service development. Access to a common customer database allows businesses to more effectively cross-sell and up-sell. The access to complete customer information can facilitate business to create a richer customer experience. Another aspect of engaging a customer is the coordination of effort with channel partners. Most customers do not want to have to say no to the same product or service to multiple companies in a short time period. To avoid potential customer annoyance, channel partners need to share and manage lead information on prospects or potential customers. Another point is that online prospects are directed to the channel partner that can offer the best service to the customer. All online prospects are automatically recorded in a database. The leads are then available for follow-up by sales personnel. Dot com companies also use traditional media such as newspapers, radio and television to engage new customers. In fact, it is well known that dot com companies reinvest from 50 to 85% of their revenues in marketing to build brand. Clicks and mortar companies use the web channel to complement traditional engagement methods. Both types of companies advertise web sites through regular media such as brochures. All types of business use profitability and competitor analyses to target the right prospects, customers, and partners in the first place. Data mining of the customer data warehouse supports these types of analyses and allows the business to effectively create marketing campaigns. Full knowledge management allows personalization and one-to-one marketing. Sales order history can be used to personalize and create a customer service offering by allowing customers to view their past transactions. Best of breed examples include full customer care suites that have integrated sales order history with the marketing systems. [Ref: [1], G.L, Service positioning through structural change, Journal of Marketing (1987), 34-43. [2] Smith A.K., Bolton R.N., Wagner J., A model of customer satisfaction with service encounters involving failure and recovery, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 36, No. 3, Aug. 1999 ] 3.2.2 Order Component Ordering is the process where a customer selects and makes a commitment to purchase a product. This includes a variety of selection, payment mechanisms, and order management mechanisms. Ordering has traditionally been a sales process. However interactive marketing threads through this process and there is opportunity for service also. The customer does not distinguish between dealing with the marketing, sales, or support areas he/she is dealing with the business. The web channel particularly blurs these functionalities as customers expect view the business all at once. Product or service selection is facilitated by real-time shopping environments created to give consolidated views of price, availability, shipping and tax rules, and any other pertinent information that would alleviate the ordering process. Customer ordering ties to the enterprise resource planning (ERP) or back office system for dynamic pricing, just-in-time (JIT) inventory control and other logistical and customer-c entric mechanisms. This is why supply chain visibility is important in Online selling system. It generates customer expectations that are more accurate because the customer is presented with accurate delivery date and order status information. Customers want to make incremental changes to orders until the time of shipment; they want to see past order history. For these reasons, an order system must go beyond order capture to create real value to the customer. It must access real time supply chain management data -demand planning and forecasting, manufacturing planning and scheduling, distribution and deployment p

Religious Symbolism in Grimms Rapunzel Essay -- Grimm Rapunzel Essays

Religious Symbolism in Grimm's Rapunzel  Ã‚   A fairy tale is seemingly a moral fiction, intended mainly for children. A lesson in critical analysis, however, strips this guise and reveals the naked truth beneath; fairy tales are actually vicious, logical and sexual stories wearing a mask of deceptively easy language and an apparent moral. Two 19th Century writers, the Grimm brothers, were masters at writing these exaggerated stories, bewitching young readers with their prose while padding their stories with allusion and reference: an example of which is "Rapunzel." Grimm's "Rapunzel" is packed with religious symbolism, which lends a new insight to the meaning of this classic story.    The relation between "Rapunzel" and the story of Christianity is apparent immediately as a result of the setting. The witch's garden is described as "a beautiful garden full of the finest vegetables and flowers," depicting perfectly the Garden of Eden from Genesis. Now, with the scene in place, the Grimm brothers begin further correlation between the two stories.    The witch, indicative of the serpent, tempts the mother and father with her rampion so that she might steal their child. In the story of creation, the serpent has the same idea in mind for Adam and Eve. The serpent knows that if man sins against God, he is unable to enter heaven and therefore must face the alternative, a life of eternal suffering in hell. In eating the forbidden fruit, the parents are cursing their child, humanity, to a life apart from God. But, just as with Adam and Eve, the parents must also endure earthly hardships, characterized by childbirth. In Genesis 3:17, Eve is cursed to bear children through intense pain; consequently, Rapunzel was born. ... ...shown through Rapunzel's response.    The witch learns of Rapunzel's interaction with the Prince and places her in the desert, and when the Prince climbs the tower to seek Rapunzel, he finds the witch waiting there for him. At this point, the witch's assumption and belief that she has won coincides perfectly with Satan's arrogance in believing that by killing Christ, he would forever have dominion over man. To the witch's dismay, the Prince hurls himself from the tower, putting out his eyes on the thorns below. This is symbolic of Christ's conscious sacrifice for humanity on the hills over Nazareth. The Prince wanders blindly through the desert, and, after several years, is reunited with his beloved Rapunzel. Ultimately, the story's happy ending is a realization of God's promise that through Jesus Christ, we are forgiven and find everlasting life.      

The War of Northern Aggression Analyzed from the Confederate Viewpoint :: American America History

The War of Northern Aggression Analyzed from the Confederate Viewpoint Thesis: The world today is blinded from the truth about the "Civil War" just like they are the truth of the creation vs. evolution debate. They're blinded in the same way as well, misleading text books. The truth is that the North, Lincoln, etc. weren't as great as they claimed to be, and that they went to illegal measures for an unjust cause. The public school system was used as a tool of the government and still is to skew the American mind into believing whatever it wants. For example: at the present time the school child has evolution drilled into their head as fact, even though it has already been accounted for as false. The C.S.A. (Confederate States of America) President Jefferson Davis actually predicted this. He taught that if the South lost, then the North would write it's history. Therefore, the generations to come wouldn't understand the Confederate call for independence (Kennedy 17). The public school system was put into effect after the North won the war. It's plan was to appeal with a free education, which it did. Then it used it's captives in it's scheme of confusing them about their parents cause. They were fed by such lies as the Confederates were prejudice slave-holders who beat black people for fun. This, of course, was very successful. Now a people who once believed in the federal government was here to help the states reach common goals, believe it's their supreme authority. One of the lies that has already been mentioned is that the "Civil War" is over slavery. This is one of the most dead wrong statements that one could think of. First of all, 70 to 80 percent of Southern soldiers didn't even own slaves (Kennedy 34). People just don't get motivated enough to give up their life over whether their neighbor is going to be able to continue having something. One soldier in the Confederate army claimed, "I declare I never met a Southern soldier who had drawn his sword to perpetuate slavery." Secondly, even for the few slaveholders in the war, C.S.A. President Jefferson Davis, their leader, predicted that all slave property "will eventually be lost" no matter what the outcome (Kennedy 35). Why would a slaveholder risk his life to keep a slave that his leader already told him he'll lose in the future?

Global Research Paper: the Military Tactics of Mongol Essay

The Mongol civilization was a highly advanced group of people in terms of military characteristics. They had superior weapons and strategic skills that contributed to their success of conquests. The purpose of this investigation is to address the question: To what extent did the Mongols benefit from their advanced military tactics? The major body of evidence will focus on Genghis Khan who was a prominent Mongolian ruler, the Mongol army, their war tactics, the empire and finally, the invading of neighboring countries. These subtopics will assist in answering the research question by describing the significant role of Genghis Khan in leading his empire, and also their advanced military strategies and to what measure of success these factors resulted in. Sources such as books and databases were used to provide research and background information on the subtopics. They have been evaluated according to their origin, purpose, values and limitations. One of the databases, â€Å"Mongol Empire (Overview)† gave me a gist and a clear understanding of how the Mongols used their military skills to conquer many areas. I gained knowledge of some of their strengths and strategies that allowed them to become a powerful army. The analysis of all these documents will help to establish the extent of the benefit that the Mongols obtained through their advanced military tactics. Summary of Evidence The Mongol Empire originated from the nomadic tribes of the Central Asian steppes, now called Mongolia. The high, dry grasslands and mountainous geography on the steppes was not fit for farming, so they raised sheep and horses instead. However, this was one of the reasons to why the Mongols were able to vastly expand. Sheep provided meat, milk and cheese, which were their main diet. Horses were their source of mobility for hunting and transportation. Both of these factors stood as significant advantages for their army. The Mongols, however, were not strongly unified in the beginning. They had no solid foundation for a central government. The civilization was divided into different tribes that were each led by chiefs, and the tribes were always at each others’ throats. In all this time of constant fighting and violence, a man stepped up to unify all of the Mongol tribes and eventually reated an omnipotent empire. His name was Temujin(1162-1227), who later obtained the title, â€Å"Genghis Khan†, meaning universal ruler. A man named Juavini once stated, â€Å"Before the appearance of Genghis Khan they had no chief or ruler. Each tribe or two tribes lived separately; they were not united with one another, and there was constant fighting and hostility between them. † Genghis Khan ruled from 1206 to 1227 and led great military campaigns during his reign that contributed to their Golden Age. The Mongol army and their military campaigns were like tidal waves. They swept away any obstacles in their way and showed no mercy if the enemy resisted against them. One of Genghis Khan’s war strategy was the use of psychological weapons. He manifested terror and panic into the obscure areas of the country. His plan was to create a sense of such fatal destruction that resisting would be foolish. Another explanation to why the Mongol army were successful in their conquests was extreme mobility (up to 100 miles a day) and advanced weapons. The cavalry were always seen to be galloping on their horses. They shot arrows while charging at the enemy and moved with tremendous speed. The Mongols were also able to adopt new tactics and master new technologies. When Genghis Khan realized their weakness in capturing fortifications, he took captives of Chinese siege engineers and learned siege tactics such as building catapults and ladders. On the battlefield, the Mongols liked to fight in teams rather than individually. While the Japanese army was trained to present their skills by fighting in single combats, the Mongols were trained to work together as a team. If a samurai individually stepped up to a Mongol for a battle, the samurai would be surrounded and killed. A Japanese warrior named Hachiman Gudokun explained, â€Å"According to our manner of fighting, we must first call out by name someone from the enemy ranks, and then attack in single combat. But they took no notice at all of such conventions. They rushed forward all together in a mass, grappling with any individuals they could not catch and killing them. † This may seem unfair; however, this is one of the barbaric ways that the Mongols fought and it gained them victories. The Mongols were able to conquer lands and expand their territory; however, the extent of the benefit does not terminate there. Since the Mongol Empire controlled most of Asia and parts of Europe, they ruled much of the territory through which the Silk Road journeyed. Due to the peace within the empire, there was a great flow of merchants, craftsmen and missionaries traveling along the road, exchanging new ideas and creating cultural diffusion. The Mongols brought back new goods and cultures from the area that they conquered. When Genghis Khan retuned to Mongolia from China, he brought back engineers, musicians, translators, doctors and scribes. He also brought back goods such as silk, porcelain, iron kettles, armor, perfumes, jewelry, wine, medicines, gold and much more. From then on, they received goods from China in a steady flow. Because the Mongols, despite that they were barbaric and strictly militaristic, were able to keep peace and control in their empire, trading and traveling increased and exposed people to new ideas and culture. These factors led to the Golden Age of the Mongol Empire, Pax Mongolica. This golden age gave the Mongols a chance to advance in not only military, but economically and socially also. They were able to prosper with all the riches that they obtained from various trades and they were able to develop their society with the new ideas that were brought over from different cultures. Evaluation of Source The book Genghis Khan and the Mongol Conquests 1190-1400 was written by Stephen Turnbull. He is a historian specializing in eastern military history and wrote other books relating to the history of the Mongols, such as the Mongol Warrior. The publisher, a credible source, Routledge was founded in 1851 and became a major publishing house. The author’s intention for writing this book was for scholars, teachers, and students who are interested in studying the history of the Mongols. The book sought to answer questions such as: How did the Mongols obtain such power with their army? What tactics and strategies did they have in order to succeed in conquest? Therefore, there were some value as well as limitations to this book as it was used for research. There were quotes from other people who observed the Mongols, for example, soldiers who fought them. They described them to be barbaric and somewhat unfair. However, the book only shows the view of others, mostly the Mongols’ neighboring countries and enemies. There were no quotes from the Mongols that allowed to defend themselves. Another limitation was the fact that this was a secondary source and the author was not a witness to this event. This is a limitation because the information may not be accurate due to the time difference between the event and now. There were also some unanswered questions such as how their advanced army benefited them with a golden age and how their golden age had a great impact on their society. This limited my amount of research and therefore, I had to look for another source with that information. Analysis The Mongols had two different faces. They were brutal and fierce. They brought destruction among their enemies if they chose to fight. On the other side, they were benevolent and kind with those who yielded to them. It is seen that the Mongols were merciless and barbaric people; however this is not the whole truth. The Mongols did not torture or mutilate, while their enemies did. They preferred to slaughter in one quick motion which allowed their enemy to feel barely any pain. European rulers often enjoyed bloody executions such as stretching and hacking the body into pieces, but the Mongols did not take part in such gruesome activity. In fact, these horrible executions were carried out on the captured Mongols. An explanation to why the Mongols were able to have a benign side was because of their leader, Genghis Khan. He is known to be a fierce man but he has a bit of a merciful characteristic also. Genghis Khan said to a man who attempted to assassinate him, â€Å"When an enemy wishes to kill someone, he keeps the fact secret†¦But you have been frank with me. Become, therefore, my companion. In memory of your deed, I will name you ‘Jebei’–the arrow. † This portrays not only the act of forgiving, but the tremendous amount of confidence that Genghis Khan had in himself by befriending an assassin. On the other hand, he was not so forgiving on the battlefield. He intimidated his enemies to the point where some even fled before the fight began. Having such a confident leader affirmatively impacted the Mongol Empire and its army. With Genghis Khan leading them, they were fearless and confident that they will take victory. â€Å"My friends, Temujin knows how to range men for battle much better than Baibuga,† said Jamuka, who fled from battle after seeing Genghis Khan’s fighting arrangement. The Mongol army were able to conquer and create a vast empire. From the perspective of the conquered people, it may be negative, considering all the orrid destructions that were brought by the Mongols. However, the Mongol Empire was extraordinary. It brought almost the entire continent of Asia under one control. There was no division in the land because there was religious and cultural tolerance. Relevant to culture, as mentioned in the summary of evidence, the Mongols had an impact on the Silk Road. Trade along the Silk Road had decreased si nce the fall of the Tang dynasty but revived during the Mongol Empire because safe travel was guaranteed throughout the entire empire. Therefore, it created a huge economical boom and a great deal of new culture and knowledge reached Europe while the Mongols were able to experience a Golden Age. Conclusion The extent of the benefit that the Mongols received from their successful military was a time period of peace, prosperity and technological advancements. They were introduced to many new cultures as well as weapons and goods like silk and gold from China, which allowed them to prosper and become even more powerful. Pax Mongolica, their Golden Age, was the climax of their empire, and the extent of their power. The Mongol Empire can be compared to the Hellenistic Age. Figures like Alexander the Great and Augustus had conquered great amount of land and expanded their territory just as Genghis Khan did for the Mongols. However, both empires fell after their period of prosperity, which showed another similarity between two great civilizations. What would have happened if the Mongols did not fall after their golden age? The extent of their benefit from their advanced military tactics may have been greater. Reference http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h11mon.htm

My philosophy on education Essay

My philosophy on education is pegged on my understanding of education. Education is the process aimed at acquiring knowledge to develop ones powers of reasoning so as to be fully equipped to handle different issues that abound in life. Every outstanding member of society is a product of education which may be formal or informal hence useful education consists of much more than mere knowledge of facts and inculcation of marketable skills. The best fruit of a properly executed education is an individual with a drive to succeed in society by using all the available resources within the acceptable means of this society. Given the dynamics of the current society, where the quest for financial freedom has taken center stage, parents are no longer able to devote adequate attention to their children which has left a void in the lives of children. Teachers are the only means to fill this void and in many cases teachers have gone on to become vital personalities in the lives of children as the children mature from childhood. This is very evident in the fact that all prominent personalities have at least one of even more memories of an early childhood teacher who influenced their life greatly. Teachers are also placed in a pivotal position to change the future of their students by converting would be future criminals or even abusers to future doctors, politicians and all other kinds of prominent people in society.. I hold a strong belief that every child has the right to an education and the best gift that society can bequeath to a child is a good education to help the child to become a productive member of society. In conclusion, my decision to become an elementary school teacher is based on a strong desire to live a life of service to children so as to play a part in creating a better tomorrow. I wish to, at the earliest stage in life, nurture and set all children in the best course of life whereby they will be able to appreciate the power that they possess and then come to the realization that they can be all they want to be.

Energy Harvesting and Nanotechnology

Energy Harvesting and Nanotechnology| April 28 2011 | Energy harvesting generators are attractive as unlimited replacements for batteries in electronic devices and have been the focus of new researches for past years. This paper reviews the principles behind this technology and their integration to harvest energy. Also proposes a greener alternative for the production of quantum dots before the integration to new technologies. | Nanowires and Quantum Dots| Energy Harvesting with Nanowires and Quantum Dots Introduction Harvesting energy is the core of our modern human existence. We need to power our cars, homes, and personal electronics. T o power our technology we need energy. Most electrical energy is harvested in one of two ways. These ways are mechanically harvested or harvested from solar power. Mechanically harvested energy needs moving parts, for example, to turn a generator. Solar energy can be harvested through solar cells via the photoelectric effect. As technology becomes smaller and more compact, power conversion technology needs to also adapt to this changes. Nanotechnology has shown great promise to become the power generator for future nanotechnology. 1 That is the purpose of this paper to show how this technology works and is integrated to the production of energy. Nanowires have a diameter in between 20 nm and 100 nm. They can be made from many types of material, however most research is being done on silicon nanowires1-2 3 4 5 6 ; carbon and CdS/CdTe7 nanowires also are being researched. These nanowires can convert solar energy into electrical energy with enough efficiency to power small devices. This technology can create self sufficient nanotechnologies that do not need batteries or need to be connected to a power source. This new technology will be completely different to the macro-technology we have today, were we have to change out batteries or plug them into a wall. Self-sustaining technology is very green, because they do not need a non-renewable outside energy sources. Quantum dots are being researched as a viable alternative to silicon based solar cells. Quantum dots are small particles, or â€Å"nanoparticles†, of a semiconductor material, most common chalcogenides (selenides or sulfides) of metals like cadmium or zinc (CdSe or ZnS), which are usually from 2 to 10 nanometers in diameter. Because of their size, quantum dots display unique optical and electrical properties that are different in character to those of the corresponding bulk material. The most relevant of these is the emission of photons under excitation, which are visible to the human eye as light. Moreover, Quantum dots can be tuned to certain wavelengths based on their size and are able to produce more than one electron per absorbed photon. These molecules are generally made out of CdSe and are cheap, their synthesis is relatively green, and they have great stability over many years. They do not bleach like other dyes and their efficiency does not fade nearly as quickly as normal dyes. 7 Nanowires and quantum dots have become very interesting topics in chemical research. They have potential to start a new wave of technology and may be the future power source of almost every technology. This article is about how scientists can harvest solar power on a nanoscale, with quantum dot technology showing much promise as a green solution. Solar Power. Today, solar power is harvested by large photovoltaic cells (a solid state electrical device that converts the energy of sunlight directly into electricity) that are made of crystalline silicon; the generation of electricity from the sun was a landmark in Green Chemistry. However, these large panels are bulky and expensive. Silicon nanowires use the same mechanism for power generation, but are smaller and more portable. The coaxial silicon nanowires operate by using coaxial shells selectively doped to absorb photons and produce electrons. 1,3 Coaxial silicon nanowires have 2 shells and a core, figure 1 shows the nanowire and a view of the cross section of the nanowire. Figure 1. The blue outer shell is the n-type shell, the inner yellow shell is in the i-type shell, and the pink core is the p-type core. The diagram on the right shows how the holes (h+), and the photo generated electrons (e-) flow across the nanowire. (Adapted from figure 1 in Nature 2007, 449, 885-889) The outer shell is crystalline in structure which enables the wire to absorb photons. The semiconductor material construction made this nanowire operate like a diode. Diodes allow current to flow one way but not another. Diodes are very common in household electronics and circuits. This means that self-powered circuits can be created from these nanowires. , 3-4 Quantum Dots are able to emit three excitons from one photon through an effect called the Multiple Exciton Effect. An exciton is an electron and its hole. Quantum dots can be tuned to many different wavelengths of light, because the wavelength they absorb is based on the diameter of the dot. The material for quantum dots is more cost effective than silicon-based solar panels. Theoretical limits for power conversion efficiency are approximately 60% 7. This is an amazing efficiency, but there are some debates about how true this efficiency is. There is not much known about quantum dots still, the organic outer layer that is used to separate these particles seem to have photo-electronic effects as well. Figure 2, shows an experimental power generator utilizing quantum dots and a mechanical piezoelectric generator. Figure 2 This is a power generator that uses both solar and mechanical means to harvest power. The quantum dots are interlaced in the ZnO nanowires. The solar cell power conversion efficiency of this device was 15. 8%. Unfortunately, the process of making heavy metal quantum dots is not very green. Some processes require high temperatures and heavy material loss. Current production methods have seen some LCA assessments of quantum dots. There is a lot of waste developed during the production and purification of quantum dots. Mass-by-mass comparison with silicon solar cells, show that quantum dots require far more energy and solvent. However, since only a small amount of quantum dots are being used in technology and the long lasting and high efficiency of power generation gives quantum dots a better assessment in all environmental aspects except heavy metal emission. Since emerging technologies rapidly change, this assessment could be outdated in six months with a new greener synthesis. Proposal Greener QDs: Cadmiun free quantum dots In many parts of the world there are legislation that restrict and in some cases ban heavy metals such as Cd in many household appliances such as Lighting equipment , Electrical & electronic tools, sport telecommunication equipment and entertainment devices. Many reports have shown that cadmium-based QDs were toxic at the tissue and cellular levels when their surfaces are not carefully functionalized. 1, 12 CuInS2 is a direct band gap semiconductor material with a band gap of 1. 45 eV. Thus, by tailoring their composition and size, it is possible to fabricate CuInS2 QDs that emit from the visible to near-infrared (NIR) region, with high quantum yield. More importantly, CuInS2 QDs are more suitable for biomedical imaging applications and integration in household devices because the particles are free from toxic elements such as cadmium, lead, mercury. The properties of these nanoparticles are very similar to those of CdS quantum dots, but the overall efficiency and shifts in spectra are still lower that the ones obtained by cadmium QD’s. More research needs to be done to increase the overall properties of this nanoparticles and their integration to electronic devices, but some ideas that are being currently tried are coating CuInS2 with organic materials that enables the particles to be more efficient and increases their luminescence. Currently this QD’s are being mass produced for example by Nanoco is a nanotechnology company located in Manchester, United Kingdom that uses a molecular seeding method adapted for other compound semiconductor materials, which have similar optical properties to those of CdSe quantum dots (such as the family of III-V materials), but do not contain heavy metals. So the possibilities for the implementation of this technology on devices that are in constant contact with humans are infinite, if new alternatives like this are implemented in future designs. Conclusion Self-sustaining technology is the end goal for these nanogenerators; this can lead to a green revolution in technology and reduce the emissions into our atmosphere. Currently, quantum dots are beginning to show amazing properties that may one day replace batteries and carbon- based energy production. Unfortunately, the current process for the synthesis of quantum dots generates too much solvent waste and uses too much power, but there is research trying to quantify the environmental impact and reduce it. Since quantum dots are an emerging technology, the production and utilization may drastically change in the coming years and hopefully a strong emphasis on low environmental impact will be on the forefront. Meanwhile this technology is being introduced in the solar energy production and medical procedures like targeting cell and biomarkers, giving results that promise a change in the way energy is produced. References 1. Tian, B. Z. ; Zheng, X. L. ; Kempa, T. J. ; Fang, Y. ; Yu, N. F. ; Yu, G. H. ; Huang, J. L. ; Lieber, C. M. , Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources. Nature 2007, 449 (7164), 885-U8. 2. Peng, K. Q. ; Wang, X. ; Lee, S. T. , Silicon nanowire array photoelectrochemical solar cells. Applied Physics Letters 2008, 92 (16). 3. Sivakov, V. ; Andra, G. ; Gawlik, A. ; Berger, A. ; Plentz, J. ; Falk, F. ; Christiansen, S. H. , Silicon Nanowire-Based Solar Cells on Glass: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Cell Parameters. Nano Letters 2009, 9 (4), 1549-1554. 4. Tian, B. ; Kempa, T. J. ; Lieber, C. M. , Single nanowire photovoltaics. Chemical Society Reviews 2009, 38 (1), 16-24. 5. Tsakalakos, L. ; Balch, J. ; Fronheiser, J. Korevaar, B. A. ; Sulima, O. ; Rand, J. , Silicon nanowire solar cells. Applied Physics Letters 2007, 91 (23). 6. Yang, R. S. ; Qin, Y. ; Dai, L. M. ; Wang, Z. L. , Power generation with laterally packaged piezoelectric fine wires. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2009, 4 (1), 34-39. 7. Lee, M. ; Yang, R. ; Li, C. ; Wang, Z. L. , Nanowire-Quantum Dot Hybridized Cell for Harvesting Sound and Solar Energies. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1 (19), 2929-2935. 8. Sengul, H; Thomas T. , An environmental impact assessment of quantum dot photovoltaics from raw material acquisition through use. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2011, 19, 21-31. 9. Ken-Tye Yong, Indrajit Roy, Rui Hu, Hong Ding, Hongxing Cai, Jing Zhu, Xihe Zhang, Earl J. Bergey and Paras N. Prasad; Synthesis of ternary CuInS2/ZnS quantum dot bioconjugates and their applications for targeted cancer bioimaging, Integr. Biol. , 2010,  2, 121-129 10. www. nonoco. com 11. K. -T. Yong, H. Ding, I. Roy, W. -C. Law, E. J. Bergey, A. Maitra and P. N. 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