Investigating how surface area affects rates of reaction.

Background Info:-Enzymes are biological catalysts. They break down the chemical substance they are uniquely made for, such as proteins, fats and virtually harmful substances like heat content Peroxide.

-An enzyme fundamentally works on a key and lock like system. The enzyme is unique to its self-importance but many others may be close to the ingest shape, but non quite. Therefore allowing substrates to admit into its activesite, which consequently breaks it progress tos broken down. As all enzymes are different some substrates volition have to work harder to fit into the active site of another(prenominal) enzyme of a similar shape, as some allow fit perfectly, they all have different shape activesites to deal with severally of its designated chemicals.

-The best conditions for enzymes to breakdown and live is around 37-40°c / personate temperature; in a low pH level are if would work best.

If the conditions are not suitable then the enzyme forget denature, which is when it changes shape, then the substrates wont fit easily. If the enzyme is to hot it will basically melt slightly and change, but if its too cold then it wont have enough energy to abridgment.

This will give upright slowing as the substrates are not a practiced fit forThe active site.

Where as.

This fits perfectly so it will meet this fast and well.

When it?s a perfect fit the two substrates join together and you get a product.

These processes have an equation.

Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen + type O2H2O2 2H2O+O2-How the surface arena can happen upon response magazine.

This half white potato only has one spot being digested and because it?s a small area it will take dourer to get through and the amount on enzymes they could have working on it cant as thither isn?t enough space.

This potato has been chopped up into 9 small square pieces this has increased the surface area dramatically. So more than enzymes can digest it as there is more space and as each piece is small, they have to do less work so its done double-quick.

Prediction:My foretelling for the experiment is that the smaller and more pieces you cut the potato into the faster the reaction will be, because more enzymes can work on it as the surface area is increased and they are smaller pieces so it should digest faster.

Equipment:Cork border - To get a continuous even sized potato discsStopwatch ? To time how long you?ve been running each testPotato ? To test with20 vol. Hydrogen Peroxide ? To place potato discs in to record reactionBoiling tube ? Place discs in while testingDelivery tube ? Take the oxygen into the other water system johnMeasuring cylinder ? To measure how much oxygen was producedHot water bath at around 40°c ? To place the change state tube with discs inWater bath ? To collect the oxygen that?s deprivation into the measuring cylinderKnife ? To chop potato discs into 2mm in heightRuler ? To measure the 2mmDiagram of frame-up equipment:Fair test:-Run test for same length of time foe each added disc.

-Vol. of Hydrogen Peroxide same-Same size potato discs-Same temperature water bath-Same length economy tubeFormula:For My Discs = 2 x π x Radius2 + 2 x π x Radius x DiameterSurface area of one disc = 2 x π x 2.5mm2 + 2 x 2.5 x 5mmMethod:1.Use cork borer number 3 to get the potato cylinders.

2.Slice the cylinders into 2mm discs with knife, measure with ruler.

3.



Put chronicle flask into beaker with on the button water about 80°c and after 5 minutes swap for a new, as temperature will decrease.

4.Put a disc into the Hydrogen Peroxide for 10 minutes with the delivery tube connected and leading into the measuring cylinder.

5.Time with stopwatch 10 minutes and after that time, measure how much oxygen was produced from the reaction.

6.Repeat this 3 times to ensure accuracy and fairness then touch a average from the results.

7.Repeat all these steps with 20-10 discs.

Results Tables:Volume of Oxygen Released In 10mins /mlNo.# DiscsVolume of Oxygen released in 10mins /mlSurface Area /cmT1T2T3 numberRate Av /1011.27 70.722.49 90.933.611 111.144.813 131.35615 151.567.217 171.778.4230 20289.623 232.3910.825 252.5101228 282.8Rate of ReactionNo.# DiscsT1T2T3AverageRate Average /1015.65.65.65.60.5629.29.29.29.20.92314.314.314.314.31.43412.912.912.912.91.29520.120.120.120.12.01623.223.223.223.22.32726.526.526.526.52.65829.529.529.529.52.95932.132.132.132.13.211034.534.534.534.53.45Analysis:It seemed from the information we collected it shows that the more discs you would add the slower the reaction time. Also the more discs of potato we added the more Oxygen (O2) it produced.

rating:Overall my prediction was half correct as I stated that the bigger the surface area the more enzymes could digest it which would speed up the digestion time, how ever the more discs we added the slower the reaction was, as the enzymes can only work to the best of their abilities and not work faster with the increased surface area.

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